What is IP Whois lookup used for?
IP Whois helps identify the organization responsible for an IP address and find the right contacts when needed.
Common use cases:
- Abuse reporting: Find the abuse email to report spam, DDoS attacks, or port scanning
- Security investigation: Identify the source of suspicious connections in your logs
- Firewall configuration: Get the complete CIDR range to block or allow a network
- Partner verification: Confirm that a vendor's IP actually belongs to their organization
How to interpret Whois results
Organization and Netname
The organization field shows the legal entity that owns the IP block. The netname is the technical identifier for the network range.
Examples:
Google LLC→ Block owned by GoogleOVH SAS→ Server hosted at OVHCLOUDFLARENET→ IP behind Cloudflare CDN
CIDR Range and Netrange
The CIDR range (e.g., 203.0.113.0/24) defines the allocated address block. The netrange shows the first and last address of the block.
Usage:
# Block entire range on Linux firewall
iptables -A INPUT -s 203.0.113.0/24 -j DROP
Contacts (abuse, admin, tech)
- abuse-mailbox: Email to report abuse (spam, attacks, etc.)
- admin-c: Administrative contact for the organization
- tech-c: Technical contact for network questions
The 5 Regional Internet Registries (RIR)
IP addresses are managed by 5 regional registries that delegate blocks to operators and organizations:
| Registry | Region | Example range |
|---|---|---|
| RIPE NCC | Europe, Middle East, Central Asia | 193.0.0.0/8 |
| ARIN | North America | 74.0.0.0/8 |
| APNIC | Asia-Pacific | 1.0.0.0/8 |
| LACNIC | Latin America, Caribbean | 200.0.0.0/8 |
| AFRINIC | Africa | 41.0.0.0/8 |
The tool automatically identifies the correct registry based on the IP address searched.
Limitations of IP Whois
What Whois does NOT show
- End user: Behind a residential IP, Whois shows the ISP, not the subscriber
- Exact location: The country shown is the organization's, not the physical server's
- Real-time activity: Whois describes ownership, not current BGP state or routing
Potentially outdated data
Whois databases are updated by the organizations themselves. Some information may be dated. When in doubt, cross-reference with RDAP (modern standardized format).
FAQ - Frequently asked questions
Q: What's the difference between domain Whois and IP Whois?
A: Domain Whois identifies the owner of a domain name and its registrar. IP Whois identifies the organization that owns a block of IP addresses and the network operator responsible.
Q: How do I find the abuse contact for an IP address?
A: Perform a Whois lookup on the IP. In the results, look for the 'abuse-mailbox' or 'abuse-c' field. This is the email dedicated to reporting abuse.
Q: Why is some Whois information hidden?
A: Some organizations use privacy protection services. Cloud operators and CDNs often hide their end customers' details for privacy reasons.
Q: How can I tell if an IP belongs to a VPN or proxy?
A: Look for the organization name in the Whois results. Known VPN providers typically appear in the organization or netname field.
Complementary tools
| Tool | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Reverse DNS (PTR) | Find the hostname associated with an IP |
| My IP Address | Display your current public IP |
| Netmask Calculator | Calculate network ranges and masks |
Useful resources
- RIPE Database - European registry
- ARIN Whois - North American registry
- RFC 3912 - WHOIS Protocol - Protocol specification